History of Indian Constitution

History of Indian Constitution

The Constitutionof India came into force on 26th January, 1950. At the time of its adoption, the Constitution contained 395 Articles and eight Schedules and was about 145,000 words long, making it the longest national Constitution to ever be adopted. Every Article within the Constitution was debated by the members of the Constituent Assembly, who sat for 11 sessions and 165 days to frame the Constitution, over a period of two years and 11 months.

This section contains every Article within the amended Constitution of India (as of 2020), with its corresponding Article within the Draft Constitution of India, 1948. Each Article also contains a summary of the debates thereon Article within the Constituent Assembly. The Articles are grouped into 22 different parts, which reflects how they're organized within the text of the Constitution of India, 1950

The Schedules to the Constitution, which are now 12 in number, elaborate on government policy or rules in regard to specific Articles of the Constitution. Each Schedule during this section is tagged with the corresponding Article(s) for easy understanding.

Basic Structure 

The objectives laid out in the Preamble contain the essential structure of our Constitution, which
cannot be amended in exercise of the facility under article 368 of the Constitution. For the idea
of "basic structure", see the subsequent judgments of the Supreme Court :
(i) Kl!sllavananda Bharal; Y. Stall! of Kl!raia, AIR 1973 SC 1461, paragraphs 292, 437,
599,682 and 1164.
(ii) Illdira Galldhi y, Raj Nara;1I, AIR 1975 SC 2299, paragraphs 251-252 (Khanna, J.),
paragraphs 664, 665 Md 691 (ChMdrachud, 1.), paragraphs 555 and 575 (Beg, J,) (3
Judges out of 5).
(iii) ¥inuva Mills v. Union of India, AIR 1980 SC 1789 (majority).
intl!rprnation b, prl!ambll!
The preamble could also be invoked to work out lhc: ambit of-
(aJ Fundamental rights: and
(b) Directive principles of State Policy.
SI!/! the undennentioned decisions:
(11 Kl!shavananda Bharat; v. Statl! of Kl!raia, AIR 1973 SC 1461,
(ii) Cluutdra Bhawan v. Statl! o/ltfysore, AIR 1970 SC 2042, paragraph 13.
(iii) Dlr4rwad Employus v, State 0/ Komotaka, (1990) 2 sec 396, paragraphs 14-27.

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